Learning occurs when individuals try to make meaning of what happens between the moment they encounter an environmental stimulus and respond to the stimulus through some behavior. Individuals seek to form cognitive structures through actively engaging in activities presented from the environment. When there is a balance between people’s sensory information, accumulated knowledge, and reality, equilibrium exists. Disequilibrium manifests when an imbalance occurs, or confusion arises about what individuals once believed to be true of their cognitions, and this encourages them to restore or regain equilibrium. Equilibration occurs through assimilation and accommodation, which allow individuals to either fit new information into areas of knowledge that already exist to them or adjust their existing knowledge in order to create different categories for the new information they are presented with. These processes help individuals adapt to their environment and organize knowledge, and adaptation and organization is how learning is controlled. Additionally, Piagetian followers suggest that learning occurs through a course of four different stages, each stage offering some advancement to the development of individuals’ cognitive abilities.
Questions:
- What is supposed to be the difference between individuals being born without a mind and then the mind being constructed and being born a blank slate and having the environment write on the slate?
- According to the chart, does adapting and organizing occur at the same time, or does adaptation come before organization?
- Is the successful completion of one developmental stage dependent upon the completion of the previous stage?
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